Stress Hormone: What is cortisol hormone, how does it work? Know everything in detail here..

'Balance' plays a special role in keeping the body functioning properly. Whether it is the balance of diet or hormones, both are important. Hormones are chemicals in our body that work as messengers. Hormones play an important role in physical growth and development, metabolism, digestion, how to fight diseases, and keeping you happy or sad. Cortisol is one such hormone which we will talk about in this article.

Cortisol is a steroid hormone that your adrenal glands produce. It is mainly known as a stress hormone that helps control your body's response to stress.

The functions of cortisol are not limited to this, it has many other roles in our body.

Stress hormone cortisol

Health experts say that cortisol may be known only as a stress hormone, but it is an essential hormone that affects almost every organ and tissue of your body.

It also plays an important role in how the body uses glucose (sugar) for energy, controlling inflammation and blood pressure, and regulating your sleep-wake cycle. People who have high levels of cortisol have an increased risk of several diseases over time.

How does cortisol work?

Cortisol plays an important role in managing your body's stress response. Even if you are stressed for a short time, cortisol levels in the body can increase. During times of stress, your body releases cortisol to keep you on high alert.

The amygdala is the part of the brain that controls feelings like fear and emotional stimuli. During a stressful situation, it sends a stress signal to the hypothalamus, a part of the brain. In turn, the hypothalamus signals the pituitary-adrenal gland to produce cortisol.

What problems occur when cortisol is increased?

Normal cortisol levels are fine, but when the level increases too much, it can cause many problems.

High cortisol can lead to weight gain, high blood pressure, diabetes, wide purple marks on the stomach, and osteoporosis. Increased hormone levels can affect many other parts including the liver and muscles.

How to reduce cortisol levels?

If your cortisol level is often high, then consult a doctor about this. Cortisol can be controlled by making some changes in the routine.
Cortisol levels can increase in insomniacs or those working night shifts. So get a good night's sleep.

Regular physical activity helps improve sleep quality and reduce stress.

Breathing exercises, meditation can help reduce cortisol levels.

Laughing and being happy increases the secretion of endorphin hormones and reduces cortisol. So take part in fun activities.

Disclaimer: This content has been sourced and edited from Zee Business. While we have made modifications for clarity and presentation, the original content belongs to its respective authors and website. We do not claim ownership of the content.